The Role of GnRH Analogues in Improving Outcome in Women Undergoing Superovulation and Intrauterine Insemination after Surgical Correction of Mild Endometriosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: Treatment with laparoscopic surgery, gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) therapy, superovulation (SO), and intrauterine insemination (IUI) have individual benefits in improving fertility outcomes in women with endometriosis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of GnRHa in improving outcome in women undergoing SO and IUI after surgical correction of mild endometriosis.

Materials and Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, over a period of 2 years and 6 months. Ninety women who were diagnosed with mild endometriosis on laparoscopy using the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine criteria were included in the study. The patients in the study group (n=45) received a single dose of 3.75 mg GnRHa subcutaneously within 48 h of the surgery, and those in the control group (n=45) did not receive GnRHa. Thereafter, patients in both arms received SO and IUI from the next menstrual cycle. Four patients in the study group and three patients in the control group were lost to follow-up before the first cycle of ovulation induction. Primary outcomes measured in our study were live birth rates and clinical pregnancy rate. Secondary outcome measures were number of follicles>18 mm, endometrial thickness, dose and days of gonadotropin stimulation.

Results: Baseline characteristics, such as age and body mass index, were comparable in both groups. The SO and IUI cycles were comparable between the two groups with regard to the secondary outcome parameters. Pregnancy rate in the first cycle was 17.1% in the study group and 19.1% in the control group (p=0.81). The overall pregnancy rate was similar in both groups (study group=21.9%, control group=23.8%; p=1). As no patient had miscarriage or any other complication during pregnancy, live birth rate was similar to the clinical pregnancy rate.

Conclusion: Adding GnRHa for the suppression of mild endometriosis has shown no significant improvement in the surgical management of women undergoing SO and IUI.

Cite this article as: Bansal P, Khoiwal K, Malhotra N, Dadhwal V, Sharma A, Deka D. The role of GnRH analogs in improving outcome in women undergoing superovulation and intrauterine insemination after surgical correction of mild endometriosis: A randomized controlled trial. Eurasian J Med 2018; 50: 105-10.